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Nephroma helveticum

Overview
PNW Range:
  West sideCommon
  East sideOccasional
  Immediate coastCommon
  Alpine or subalpineNone
Habitat: Generally in moist shady habitats; primarily moist low-elevation (often riparian) forests.
Substrate: Mossy rocks and woody plants.
Comments:
Synonymy: none
Nephroma helveticum - Lower
Lower
by B. McCune
1/9
Nephroma helveticum - Habit
Habit
by J. Hollinger
2/9
Nephroma helveticum - Lobules
Lobules
by B. McCune
3/9
Nephroma helveticum - Lower
Lower
by B. McCune
4/9
Nephroma helveticum - Upper
Upper
by B. McCune
5/9
Nephroma helveticum - Habit
Habit
by J. Hollinger
6/9
Nephroma helveticum - Habit
Habit
by B. McCune
7/9
Nephroma helveticum - Habit
Habit
by J. Hollinger
8/9
Nephroma helveticum - Lower
Lower
by B. McCune
9/9
Scale: Bar=1mm unless noted
Growth Form
Fruticose: Never
Foliose: Almost always
Crustose: Never
Appressed Foliose: Sometimes
Fluffy Foliose or Strappy: Sometimes
Dangling Hair: Never
Erect Hair: Never
Appressed Hair: Never
Stalks With Squamules: Never
Stalks: Never
Squamules: Never
Single Holdfast: Never
Dangling Nets: Never
Lobe Width (mm): 4 (± 1.5)

Upper Surface
Upper Surface Color    (Dry) 
   Brown: Almost always
   Tan: Sometimes
Upper Surface Tomentose: Never
Upper Surface Pruinose or Scabrid: Never
Upper Surface with Network of Ridges: Never
Upper Surface with Pseudocyphellae: Never
   Upper Surface with Holes into Cavity: Never
Cilia on Margins: Never
Lower Surface (Foliose)
Lower Surface Color    (Dry) 
   Brown: Almost always
   Tan: Almost always
Veined Below: Never
Rhizinate Below: Rarely
   Rhizines Squarrose: Never
Tomentose Below: Sometimes
Cyphellae: Never
Pseudocyphellae Below: Never
Papillae Below: Never

Interior
Inside (Medulla) Yellow or Orange: Never
Central Cord: Never
Hollow Stalks or Hollow Lobes: Never
Gelatinous: Never

Photobiont
Green Algae Primary Photobiont: Never
Cyanobacteria Primary Photobiont: Almost always
Internal Cephalodia: Never
External Cephalodia: Never

Sexual Reproduction
Perithecia: Never
Apothecia: Commonly
   Mazaedium: Never
Disk Color    (Dry) 
   Disk Brown or Tan: Almost always

Asexual Reproduction
Isidia: Sometimes
Soredia: Never
Lobules: Almost always