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Pannaria rubiginosa

Overview
PNW Range:
  West sideRare
  East sideNone
  Immediate coastRare
  Alpine or subalpineNone
Habitat: In a wide variety of moist lowland habitats; the largest populations in Oregon and Washington are in coastal thickets of old shrubs on wet deflation plains.
Substrate: Bark and wood of both conifers and hardwoods.
Comments:
Synonymy: none
Growth Form
Fruticose: Never
Foliose: Almost always
Crustose: Never
Appressed Foliose: Almost always
Fluffy Foliose or Strappy: Never
Dangling Hair: Never
Erect Hair: Never
Appressed Hair: Never
Stalks With Squamules: Never
Stalks: Never
Squamules: Never
Single Holdfast: Never
Dangling Nets: Never
Lobe Width (mm): 1.5 (± 0.5)

Upper Surface
Upper Surface Color    (Dry) 
   Pale Gray: Almost always
Upper Surface Tomentose: Never
Upper Surface Pruinose or Scabrid: Never
Upper Surface with Network of Ridges: Never
Upper Surface with Pseudocyphellae: Never
   Upper Surface with Holes into Cavity: Never
Cilia on Margins: Never
Lower Surface (Foliose)
Lower Surface Color    (Dry) 
   Whitish: Almost always
   Tan: Almost always
Veined Below: Never
Rhizinate Below: Never
   Rhizines Squarrose: Sometimes
Tomentose Below: Sometimes
Cyphellae: Never
Pseudocyphellae Below: Never
Papillae Below: Never

Interior
Inside (Medulla) Yellow or Orange: Never
Central Cord: Never
Hollow Stalks or Hollow Lobes: Never
Gelatinous: Never

Photobiont
Green Algae Primary Photobiont: Never
Cyanobacteria Primary Photobiont: Almost always
Internal Cephalodia: Never
External Cephalodia: Never

Chemistry
Medulla P+ Orange or Red: Sometimes
Sexual Reproduction
Perithecia: Never
Apothecia: Almost always
   Mazaedium: Never
Disk Color    (Dry) 
   Disk Brown or Tan: Almost always

Asexual Reproduction
Isidia: Never
Soredia: Never
Lobules: Rarely