The Hypogymnia Species of North America

Hypogymnia heterophylla

Click on Characteristic name for explanation. Click on image for larger version.

Overview

Synopsis: Erect or semi-appressed, with narrow side lobes and dark lobe interiors, medulla P+ orange-red.
Distribution: North American endemic, BC to California on the immediate coast.
Habitat: oceanic forests, esp. Pinus contorta and Picea sit
Range: Central and Southern California, Pacific Northwest Immediate Coast
Substrate Notes: Usually on conifers, especially Pinus and Picea, also on hardwoods, on both bark and wood
Abundance in North America: Present
Substrate: Typically
Host: Conifers or hardwoods, wood or bark
On Rock: Never
On Moss/Detritus/Sod: Never
Authority: L. H. Pike
References: Pike & Hale (1982), McCune (2002)
Synonymy: None
Hypogymnia heterophylla - Habit
Habit

Vegetative Structures

Habit Appressed: Sometimes
Habit Pendulous: Sometimes
Habit Erect to Suberect: Almost always
Size (cm): Mean: 9 SD: 4.5
Upper Color- White to Greenish Gray: White to greenish gray
Upper Surface Brown when Solarized: Blackish or unknown
Dark Mottles: Often present
Black Border: Often present
Lobes Separated: Separate to centrally contiguous
Lobe Outline: Even to +/- nodulose
Upper Surface Texture: Smooth to rugose
Branching: Variable
Budding: Present
Lobe Width (mm): Mean: 2 SD: 0.5
Lobe Tips, Axils, and/or Lower Surface Perforated: Commonly
Lobe Tips Perforated: Often perforate
Lower Surface Perforated: Sparsely perforate
Cavernulae: Never
Thallus Texture: Cartilaginous
Medulla: Almost always
Ceiling Color: Dark
Floor Color: Dark
Hypogymnia heterophylla - Lobe cavity
Lobe cavity
1/9
Hypogymnia heterophylla - Habit
Habit
2/9
Hypogymnia heterophylla - Budding adventitious branches
Budding adventitious branches
3/9
Hypogymnia heterophylla - Lobes
Lobes
4/9
Hypogymnia heterophylla - Perforate lobe tips
Perforate lobe tips
5/9
Hypogymnia heterophylla - Habit
Habit
6/9
Hypogymnia heterophylla - Lobes
Lobes
7/9
Hypogymnia heterophylla - Perforate lobe tips
Perforate lobe tips
8/9

Reproductive Structures

Soredia: None
Schizidia: Rarely
Isidia: None
Lobules: None
Apothecia: Common
Spore Length (µm): Mean: 6.5 SD: 0.25 Max: 7 Min: 6
Spore Width (µm): Mean: 3.75 SD: 0.125 Max: 4 Min: 3.5
Pycnidia: Common
Hypogymnia heterophylla - Hymenium
Hymenium
1/3
Hypogymnia heterophylla - Hymenium
Hymenium
2/3
Hypogymnia heterophylla - Ascospores
Ascospores
3/3

Chemistry