The Hypogymnia Species of North America

Hypogymnia subphysodes

Click on Characteristic name for explanation. Click on image for larger version.

Overview

Synopsis: Laminal soredia on lobes with completely white lobe cavity, lobes appressed to suberect, continguous or separate; medulla P- or P+ orange red.
Distribution: Australia: many provinces, common in S. Am. and N.Z. (Fl. Aust.). Argentina (Calvelo & Liberatore 2002). New Zealand: North Island, Auckland, South Auckland, Taranaki, Wellington; South Island: Westland, Marlborough, Canterbury, Otago, Southland (Galloway 2007). Var. austerodioides was reported by Galloway (2007) from many sites on both N and S Islands of New Zealand. Tasmania (Kantvilas et al. 2002).
Habitat: humid temperate forests
Range: Pacific Northwest Immediate Coast
Other Diagnostics: Flaky laminal soredia with white cavities.. "...corticolous habit; the presence of soredia; and the hollow, narrow (1.5 mm wide or less), elongated marginal and submarginal lobes" (Galloway 2007). "...hollow, rather fragile, loosely attached, +/- terete, discrete, elongate and deeply deivided lobes with sparse to dense soredia" (Kantvilas et al. 2002). Var. subphysodes is "readily distinguished from variety austerodioides which has contiguous marginal lobes and occurs mainly in dry sclerophyll forest." (Kantvilas et al. 2002). See that ref for more comparison between varieties.
Substrate Notes: On bark (both hardwoods and conifers), dead wood,twigs, rocks
Abundance in North America: Present
Substrate: Typically
Host: Eucalyptus, Nothofagus
On Rock: Rarely
On Moss/Detritus/Sod: Never
Authority: (Kremp.) Filson
References: Elix (1992), Galloway (2007), Kantvilas et al. (2002)
Synonymy: None
Hypogymnia subphysodes - Habit
Habit

Vegetative Structures

Habit Appressed: Sometimes
Habit Pendulous: Rarely
Habit Erect to Suberect: Commonly
Size (cm): Mean: 10 SD: 5
Upper Color- White to Greenish Gray: White to greenish gray
Upper Surface Brown when Solarized: Blackish or unknown
Dark Mottles: None or rare
Black Border: Not visible
Lobes Separated: Contiguous or separate
Lobe Outline: Even to +/- nodulose
Upper Surface Texture: Becoming rugose
Branching: Variable
Budding: Occasional
Lobe Width (mm): Mean: 1.75 SD: 0.625
Lobe Tips, Axils, and/or Lower Surface Perforated: Rarely
Lobe Tips Perforated: Rarely perforate
Lower Surface Perforated: Sparsely perforate
Cavernulae: Never
Thallus Texture: Soft
Medulla: Sometimes
Ceiling Color: White
Floor Color: White
Hypogymnia subphysodes - Lobes
Lobes
1/12
Hypogymnia subphysodes - Habit
Habit
2/12
Hypogymnia subphysodes - Lobe cavity
Lobe cavity
3/12
Hypogymnia subphysodes - Habit
Habit
4/12
Hypogymnia subphysodes - Lobe cavity
Lobe cavity
5/12
Hypogymnia subphysodes - Lobes
Lobes
6/12
Hypogymnia subphysodes - Habit
Habit
7/12
Hypogymnia subphysodes - Lower surface
Lower surface
8/12
Hypogymnia subphysodes - Habit
Habit
9/12
Hypogymnia subphysodes - Habit
Habit
10/12
Hypogymnia subphysodes - Habit
Habit
11/12

Reproductive Structures

Soredia: 3+5
   Soredia Texture: Sometimes
   Soredia Terminal or Laminal: Sometimes
   Soredia Shape Lip-Shaped: Never
   Schizidia: Sometimes
   Isidia: None
Lobules: None
Apothecia: Rare
Spore Length (µm): Mean: 7.75 SD: 0.375 Max: 8.5 Min: 7
Spore Width (µm): Mean: 5 SD: 0.35 Max: 5.7 Min: 4.3
Pycnidia: Rare
Hypogymnia subphysodes - Ascospores
Ascospores
1/8
Hypogymnia subphysodes - Soredia incipient
Soredia incipient
2/8
Hypogymnia subphysodes - Soredia
Soredia
3/8
Hypogymnia subphysodes - Soredia
Soredia
4/8
Hypogymnia subphysodes - Soredia
Soredia
5/8
Hypogymnia subphysodes - Apothecia pedicels
Apothecia pedicels
6/8
Hypogymnia subphysodes - Apothecia pedicels
Apothecia pedicels
7/8
Hypogymnia subphysodes - Soredia
Soredia
8/8

Chemistry