Usnea cavernosa - Common Macrolichens of the Pacific Northwest

< Umbilicaria virginis

Usnea cornuta >

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Usnea cavernosa

Overview
PNW Range:
West side	Uncommon
East side	Uncommon
Immediate coast	Uncommon
Alpine or subalpine	None
Habitat:	Widespread, boreal, s in mountains to Arizona, California, and Mexico; uncommon and scattered in PNW.
Substrate:	Usually on conifers.
Comments:
Synonymy:	none

Usnea cavernosa - Branches

Branches
by B. McCune

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Usnea cavernosa - Branches

Branches
by B. McCune

2/3

Usnea cavernosa - Branches

Branches
by B. McCune

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Scale: Bar=1mm unless noted

Growth Form
Fruticose:	Almost always
Foliose:	Never
Crustose:	Never
Appressed Foliose:	Never
Fluffy Foliose or Strappy:	Never
Dangling Hair:	Almost always
Erect Hair:	Never
Appressed Hair:	Never
Stalks With Squamules:	Never
Stalks:	Never
Squamules:	Never
Single Holdfast:	Sometimes
Dangling Nets:	Never

Upper Surface
Upper Surface Color (Dry)
Pale Yellow Green:	Almost always
Pale Green:	Almost always
Upper Surface Tomentose:	Never
Upper Surface Pruinose or Scabrid:	Never
Upper Surface with Network of Ridges:	Commonly
Upper Surface with Pseudocyphellae:	Never
Upper Surface with Holes into Cavity:	Never
Cilia on Margins:	Never

Interior
Inside (Medulla) Yellow or Orange:	Never
Central Cord:	Almost always
Hollow Stalks or Hollow Lobes:	Never
Gelatinous:	Never

Photobiont
Green Algae Primary Photobiont:	Almost always
Cyanobacteria Primary Photobiont:	Never
Internal Cephalodia:	Never
External Cephalodia:	Never

Chemistry
Usnic Acid:	Almost always
Cortex KC+ Yellow:	Almost always
Medulla P+ Orange or Red:	Almost always
Medulla K+ Orange or Red:	Almost always
Medulla K+ Yellow:	Sometimes

Sexual Reproduction
Perithecia:	Never
Apothecia:	Rarely
Mazaedium:	Never
Disk Color (Dry)
Disk Pale Greenish:	Almost always
Disk Brown or Tan:	Almost always

Asexual Reproduction
Isidia:	Never
Soredia:	Never
Lobules:	Never

Usnea Specific
Papillae:	Never
Branches Cigar Shaped:	Never
Central Axis Pale Yellow:	Never
Cortex Reddish in Part:	Never
Central Axis Thick:	Never
Main Branches Nearly Unbranched:	Never
Branch Surface Wrinkled:	Almost always
Fibrils Abundant:	Never